Everything You Need to Know About Hydrangeas

Everything You Need to Know About Hydrangeas

Types of Hydrangeas

Bigleaf
Hydrangea Macrophylla

Hydrangea bigleaf, is one of the most popular and widely recognized hydrangea species. They are highly versatile and can be used in various garden settings. It's famous for its large, colorful blooms and are perfect for shade gardens. Its ability to change flower color based on soil pH adds an extra layer of interest, making it a dynamic and interactive plant for any garden.

Sunlight: Bigleaf hydrangeas prefer partial shade, particularly in hotter climates. Hydrangeas enjoy morning sun and afternoon shade.

Soil: Moist, well-drained soil is best for bigleaf hydrangeas. Adjusting soil pH can influence flower color if that is a desired effect.

Watering: These hydrangeas have relatively high-water needs, especially during hot, dry weather.

Pruning: Great news! In general, you should avoid pruning bigleaf hydrangeas entirely. Pruning bigleaf hydrangeas can be a bit tricky because they bloom primarily on old wood, meaning they produce flowers on the previous season’s growth. Some newer varieties, however, are "reblooming" or "remontant," meaning they can produce flowers on both old and new wood.

Fertilizing: A balanced, slow-release fertilizer applied in early spring can help promote healthy growth and abundant blooms.

Winter Care: Bigleaf hydrangeas are generally hardy but may require winter protection in colder climates, particularly for the flower buds. Mulching the base and covering the plant with burlap or another protective material can help prevent winter damage.

Hydrangea 'Nikko Blue'

Mophead

The most popular type of bigleaf hydrangea

Flower Shape: Large, round clusters

Bloom Color: Pink, purple, red, or blue.

Note: Acidic soil for blue blooms and alkaline soil for pink blooms.

Leaves: Large, Oval-shaped leave


Lacecap

Hydrangea macrophylla normalis

Identical to mopheads except for the shape of their blooms

Flower Shape: Flat-topped with outer petals surrounding a central cluster

Bloom Color: Pink, purple, or blue.

Leaves: Large, Oval-shaped leave

Hydrangea 'Twist-n-Shout'


Hydrangea 'Tiny Tuff Stuff'

Mountain

Hydrangea macrophylla Serrata

The least common variety of bigleaf hydrangea

Flower Shape: Lacecap-shaped flowers.

Bloom Color: Pink/red in neutral to alkaline soils, as well as in acidic soils with little to no aluminum. They will be blue/purple in acidic soils that contain aluminum unless otherwise indicated in the description.

Leaves: Ovate and serrated leaves

Pruning: Mountain hydrangeas bloom on old and new wood, and as such, pruning should be avoided.

Hydrangea paniculata 'Limelight'

Panicle
Hydrangea paniculata

Panicle hydrangeas are versatile and can be used in various garden settings. Their sturdy branches also make them a good choice for cutting gardens, as the flowers hold up well in arrangements.

Flower Shape: Panicle hydrangeas have elongated, cone-shaped clusters of flowers.

Bloom Color: The flowers start green, turn white, then pink or red as the season progresses.

Leaves: Oval-shaped leaves with serrated edges.

Sunlight: Panicle hydrangeas are more sun-tolerant than many other hydrangea species. They do best in full sun to partial shade.

Soil: Adaptable to most well-drained soil.

Watering: They perform best with regular watering, especially during dry spells.

Pruning: These hydrangeas bloom on new wood, meaning they flower on growth produced in the current season. Pruning should be done in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.

Fertilizing: Fertilize in early spring with a balanced fertilizer to encourage healthy growth and abundant blooms.

Winter Care: These hydrangeas are considered the most cold-hardy of all hydrangeas. In colder climates, panicle hydrangeas can benefit from mulching at the base to protect the roots.

Popular Varieties:

  • ‘Limelight’: Known for its large, lime-green flowers that age to pink and burgundy.
  • ‘Little Lime’: A more compact version of ‘Limelight,’ perfect for smaller gardens.
  • ‘Pinky Winky’: This variety features white flowers that turn pink from the bottom up, creating a two-tone effect.
  • ‘Vanilla Strawberry’: Starts white, then turns pink, and eventually deepens to a strawberry-red hue.

Hydrangea 'Invincibelle Garnetta'

Smooth
Hydrangea arborescens

Smooth hydrangeas are highly versatile and can be used in a variety of garden settings. They are also excellent for mass planting or as a focal point in the landscape. They are also known as wild hydrangeas, this type is native to the United States

Flower Shape: Smooth hydrangeas produce large, round, snowball-shaped clusters of flowers, often referred to as “mopheads.” The blooms can be quite large, sometimes reaching up to 12 inches in diameter.

Bloom Color: The flowers are typically white, but new colors such as pink, red, purple and even greens are hitting the market.

Leaves: Smooth, heart-shaped leaves

Sunlight: Perform best in partial shade, especially in hot climates, to prevent the blooms from wilting. Hydrangeas enjoy morning sun and afternoon shade.

Soil: Easy-going smooth hydrangeas aren't fussy about soil, but they do require it to be well-drained.

Watering: Regular watering is important, especially during dry periods.

Pruning: These hydrangeas bloom on new wood, meaning they flower on growth produced in the current season. Pruning should be done in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. This helps maintain the plant’s shape and encourages more vigorous blooming. We recommend cutting the entire plant back by about one-third its total height in early spring.

Fertilizing: A balanced, slow-release fertilizer applied in early spring can help promote healthy growth and abundant blooms.

Winter Care: Smooth hydrangeas are very cold-hardy and generally do not require much winter protection. In colder regions, a layer of mulch can help protect the roots.

Popular Varieties:

  • ‘Annabelle’: The most well-known variety, ‘Annabelle’ is famous for its huge, white flower heads that can reach up to 12 inches across. It’s a garden classic.
  • ‘Incrediball’: A newer variety that produces even larger flower heads than ‘Annabelle,’ with stronger stems to support the heavy blooms.

Hydrangea 'Ruby Slippers'

Oakleaf
Hydrangea quercifolia

Hydrangea oakleaf, is a unique and beautiful hydrangea species prized for its distinctive foliage and stunning blooms. Their combination of striking foliage, showy blooms, and brilliant fall color makes it a standout choice for gardeners looking to add year-round interest to their landscape.

Flower Shape: The flowers of oakleaf hydrangeas form large, cone-shaped clusters. The blooms can be up to 12 inches long and are composed of small, delicate flowers.

Bloom Color: The flowers typically start as creamy white and gradually age to pink/red as the season progresses. If the blooms on these varieties turn brown instead of pink, that usually indicates the plant wasn't getting enough water or otherwise experienced stress during its bloom time.

Leaves: Oak-shaped leaves that turn vibrant red, purple, and orange in fall.

Sunlight: Oakleaf hydrangeas prefer partial shade, especially in hotter climates. Hydrangeas enjoy morning sun and afternoon shade. Too much sun can result in foliage burn. 

Soil: Plant in slightly acidic soil with adequate drainage.

Watering: Regular watering is essential, particularly during dry spells.

Pruning: Oakleaf hydrangeas bloom on old wood, meaning they produce flowers on the previous season's growth, so avoid trimming them or cutting them back.

Fertilizing: A granular rose fertilizer applied in early spring can help promote healthy growth.

Winter Care: Oakleaf hydrangeas are hardy and can withstand cold winters, but a layer of mulch at the base can help protect the roots in extremely cold regions.

Climbing
Hydrangea Petiolaris

Hydrangea climbing, is a stunning and unique hydrangea species that, unlike most other hydrangeas, is a vigorous vine. It’s prized for its ability to climb walls, trellises, and other structures, adding vertical interest to gardens.

Flower Shape: lace-cap flower clusters

Bloom Color: The blooms are typically creamy white and appear in late spring to early summer.

Foliage: The leaves are dark green, glossy, and heart-shaped, turning yellow in the fall before dropping. The vine also has attractive, exfoliating bark that provides winter interest.

Growth Habit: Climbing hydrangeas are vigorous, deciduous vines that can grow 30 to 50 feet tall, depending on the structure they’re climbing. They attach to surfaces using aerial rootlets, allowing them to cling to walls, fences, and even large trees.

Sunlight: Climbing hydrangeas are versatile in terms of light requirements. They can grow in full sun to full shade, but they tend to bloom best in partial shade.

Soil: Any well-drained soil will do.

Watering: Regular watering is essential, especially in the first few years after planting.

Pruning: Minimal pruning is needed for climbing hydrangeas. If pruning is necessary to control growth or shape the vine, it should be done after flowering, as they bloom on old wood.

Support: Climbing hydrangeas need a sturdy structure to climb, such as a wall, trellis, or large tree. They can also be grown as ground cover if no vertical structure is available.

Winter Care: These hydrangeas are hardy and generally do not require special winter care.

Slow to Establish: Climbing hydrangeas can be slow to establish, often taking a few years to begin flowering. However, once established, they grow vigorously and can cover large areas.

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